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F. 1. HUMAN.

HULL OF WATER CRAFT.

APPLICATION FILED MAYI. 1917.

Llg fig Patented Aug. 5,1919.

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IN VEN TOR.

m uk BY ATTORNEY.

a an enemas manna FRANGIS d. THUMAR', Q35 BALTIMQRE, MARYLAND.

HULL 0F WATEHr-GBAFT.

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Application flied may 4-, 1917. Serial No. 166,2S2.

' hulls or bodies of water craft, such for example as yachts, merchant or naval vessels, and is especially applicable to craft of light draft where speed is a desideratum.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of hull or body that will practically eliminate the formation of a vacuum beneath the bottom or at the stern of the hull when the vessel is being driven ahead.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide improved meansfor conveying air to and along the bottom of the hull, between the latter and the water, whereby to form a cushion and a lubricant that will-materially overcome friction and produce a greater speed with the least expenditure of energy.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved hull structure, em-

bodying the features above set forth, and at the same time be seaworthy and stable.

- The means for driving the craft is not essential to the present invention and therefore is not illustrated, but may consist of one or more propellers driven by any wellknown or approved means, such'as gasolene, steam or electricity as preferred.

The invention is illustrated in the aocom panying drawing, wherein,-

Figure 1, shows in side elevation a craft, whose hull embodies thepresent invention.

Fig. 2, illustrates the same in inverted or bottom plan.

Fig. 3, shows the same in.-- ventical longitudinal section.

Fig. 4, illustrates a vertical cross-sectional detail as the same would appear if taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1', looking in the direction of the dart.

Fig. 5, shows another cross-sectional detail through the craft as would appear if taken on the line 5-5 ofFig. 1.'

. Fig. 6, illustrates a similar. sectional view through the craft if taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the dart, and

Fig. 7,"shows the craft in rear or stern elevation.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aug. 5, 11219..

In the illustrated exemplification of my invention little importance is placed on the formation ofdeck 8, and the superstructure 9, of the craft as these may be varied to meet the requirements or use for which the craft is intended.

The hull or body structure is, however, important, in that it embodies the inventive idea in one practical form.

The sides 10, of the hull are formed on concave lines, in a vertical direction, and

are so designed, to cast aside, or displace, the water with the least amount of resistance.

The bottom 11, of the hull is narrowest at the stem or bow 12,-and broadens as it extends from stem to stern, at which latter point it is preferably broadest.

The keel 13, in the present instance, increases in depth from stem to stern and materially adds stability and sea-worthiness to the craft.

At each side of the keel, the bottom is concave, as at 14, which concavities are narrow and ofgreater depth at the stem, and

diminish in depth and increase in widthes they extend toward the stern.

The stern 15, of the craft inclines rearwardly and downwardly from the deck 8, and consists of a plane surface havin for its upper edge, one irregular curve, an for its lower edge two irregular curves, which results in the bottom of the hull at the stern extending rearwardly beyond the deck as clearly indicated by the broken lines in the bottom plan view of Fig. 2,

An air tube 16, is provided at the stem or how with its upper end 17, opening forward above the deck 8, and its lower end 18, communicating with the narrow and deep for ward ends of the 'concavities 14, that extend along the under side of the hull. A valve 19', is provided in the air tube for the obvious purpose of controlling the passage of air to the said forward ends of the concavitles.

At the stern, the improved craft is provided with another air pipe 20, havmg an upper end 21, projecting above the deck 8, and also opening forward, and a lower end 22, whichspreads laterally and has openings 23, at the edge formed by the inclined stern and the bottom. This air pipe'20, is also provided with a valve 24, to control the passage of air therethrough.

water as the craft 4 tion 10, of the sides,

a vacuum at the stern,

located below the stern air-discharge open- I posite edges of the bottom are parallel, as at 26, and as nearly parallel to the water line possible.

From the foregoing explanation it will he understood that the two main forces to be overcome, to wit: the displacement of the moves forward, and the by the formation of are both met as the result of my structure; The concave formaovercoming the first, and the concave formation of the bottom, plus the forward and rear air-supply pipes meet ing the second force.

Having described my invention what I claim is,

1. A water craft having a hull with center resisting force produced toward the stern, and

keel from stem to stern and whose bottom posite sides of the center keel said concaviu the forward end forming grooves.-

surface is provided with concavities at opties at whose outer edges are substantially as low as the bottom edge of the keel and decrease in depth and increase inwidth as they,extend means at said deeper and narrower ends of the grooves for supplying air to the latter. 4

2. A water craft having a hull with a deck and provided with center keel,-+the bottom of the hull spreading and increasin in width from a point near the bow towar the stern, and from the stern the bottom having arallel side edges that extend forward to and merge with the spreading portions of the bottom the parallel side edgeuportion of the bottom projecting v rearwardly of the deck and means for discharging air from the projecting stern portion at a point below the water line.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANCIS J. THUMAN. Witnesses:

OHARLEs B. MANN, Jia, JOHN E. ONnnm. 

